某半山区自然村居民高血压及其相关因素调查分析

The survey and analysis of the Hypertension and its related factors in a village residence in Beijing suburb mountain area

目的:了解某半山区自然村常住居民高血压患病情况及其与高脂血症、糖尿病、超重(肥胖)及不良生活方式的关系,以便今后在社区更有针对性地进行慢病管理和健康教育。方法:选取该社区长期在家用餐的常住居民76例,进行统一问卷调查、体格检查和临床检验。结果:高血压48例,患病率63.2%。知晓自己病情40例,知晓率83.3%;接受正规治疗29例,治疗率60.4%;控制达标18例,控制率37.5%。高血压患者中,BMI正常10例(20.83%),超重11例(22.92%),肥胖27例(56.25%)。高血压患者中伴有糖尿病3例、高脂血症16例,同时伴有糖尿病、高脂血症4例,另有血糖、血脂临床检验值位于临界状态15例,分别为6.25%、33.33%、8.33%、31.25%。结论:该社区地处半山区,交通不便,相对比较封闭,居民文化知识、健康知识及保健意识均较为落后,高血压患病情况不容忽视,规范治疗及控制达标率均有待提高;高血压多合并超重(肥胖)、糖尿病、高脂血症等。因此,高血压的防治应注重高血压与相关疾病及高危人群、不良生活方式等的综合干预和强化教育,提高规范治疗依从性和疾病控制达标率。

Objective：To explore the status of Hypertension and and the relation with Hyperhpemia, Diabetes and overweight/obesity in the village residence living in Beijing suburb mountain area, in order to provide the scientific basis for chronic disease community control and health education. Methods： Seventy six residents who had meals at home. The participants were investigated using questionnaire survey, physical examination and clinical examination. Results： The proportion of hypertension was 63.2% in all participants（48 in 76）. The awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension were 83.3% ,60.4%, and 37.5% respectively. They were 40,29 and 18 participants. Among hypertensive patients, there were 10 patients who had normal weight（20.83%）.The overweight and obesity rates were 22.92% （11 patients）and 56.25%（27 patients） respectively. There were 3 hypertensives with diabetes （6.25 %）, 16 hypertensives with hyperlipidemia （33.33 %）, 4 hypertensives with diabetes and hypedipidemia （8.33%）, and 15 hypertensives with the blood glucose and lipids at the edge of clinical examination（31.25% ）.Conclusion： The community is located in the suburb mountain area, the transportation is inconvenient relatively, residents＇ cultural, health knowledge and awarenes are more backward. The prevalence of hypertension can not be ignored, and must improve the treatment and control of the rates of hypertension; Hypertension more combine with overweight / obesity, diabetes, hyperlipemia and so on. Therefore, we should focus on hypertension and related diseases, high - risk groups, and lifestyle interventions and strengthen of education, to enhance the treatment compliance and the rate of control disease.