全球化时代发展中国家与跨国企业的角力

Developing Countries Versus Multinational Enterprises in a Globalizing World

全球化是国际关系研究中的重要现象,跨国企业则是全球化现象的重要媒介和载体。直至上世纪80年代初,跨国企业仍被大部分发展中国家的政府视为发达国家经济侵略发展中国家的工具。现在政府对跨国企业的友善态度,可以说是服从于全球化进程中的世界经济深刻转变局面下所出现的逻辑变化。这些相关过程充分改变了跨国企业与发展中国家的关系,双方不断调整本身的方针及策略,争取与全球新形势下的现实接轨。本文尝试回顾及检视跨国企业与发展中国家两者关系中出现的转变,并进而指出考虑跨国企业的问题时,需要将有关研究视角放置于全球经济整体增长的背景当中。在全球化时代,发展中国家及跨国企业应视双方之间的关系为一种互补的关系,这种互补性有助国家提升资源运用及相关素质能力。发展中国家只有正确认识及合理利用跨国企业,才能积极推动政治建设和社会经济的持续发展。

'Globalization'constitutes an important issue in international relations study.The multinational enterprise (MNE) is an important medium and vehicle of globalization.Looking back in history,most governments of the developing world viewed MNEs with a certain touch of'hostility'until early 1980s.The present MNE-friendly attitudes by governments can be regarded as a logical change as a result of broad changes in world economy in the course of'globalization'.These related processes have substantially altered the relationship between MNEs and developing countries,as both parties have adjusted their strategies and policies in relation to the realities of the new global environment.This paper tries to identify and examine the changes that have taken place in relations between MNEs and developing countries.This paper argues that MNE will not in itself be instrumental either to developed world or developing countries.The question of MNE needs to be considered in relation to the overall growth of the world economy.The sustainable development of developing countries in political, economic and social fields cannot afford to ignore the functional value of MNE,in the era of a globalizing world.