棉花新品种数量性状的因子分析与通径分析

Factor and path coefficient analysis on quantitative characters

对河南省2006及2007年16个春棉区试资料的植株、产量因素和纤维品质共17个数量性状进行因子分析结果得出:选择植株中等偏高、果枝始节低、果枝台数多的植株性状,与株铃多、铃重高的产量性状,可同步提高衣分,为选育高产棉花品种的有效途径,但对纤维的长、细度及纺纱指数的间接选择效果不明显.通径分析表明,株铃与铃重呈负相关,选择时应两者兼顾,不可顾此失彼.植株中等偏高与果枝数多的性状,主要是通过增加株铃起增产作用,果枝始节低的性状,能极显著提高衣分而获致皮棉增产.

Factor analysis was apptied to study 17 characters of the 16 spring cotton zones in Henan Province in 2006 and 2007, including plant, cotton yield and fiber quality etc. The result showed that that the selection of midhigher plant, low initial branch, more branches and bolls per plant, heavier boll weight might synchronously increase lint percentage, which was an effective way to select high yield cotton varieties, but this method had not an obvious effect to promote fiber length, fineness and spinning consistence index. The result of path coefficient analysis indicated that bolls per plant and boll weight bear negative co-relation, so both should be paid attention to when they were chosen to prevent striking a balance between both of them. Characters of mid-higher plant and more branches played a role in yield by increasing bolls per plant; character of low initial branch could significantly increase lint percentage to lead to high yield.