冬小麦田间水分反应特性产量评价指标研究

Analysis on Evaluation Indexes Based on Yield of Characteristic of Winter Wheat Response to Water in Field

为全面有效地评价冬小麦品种对水分的反应特性。根据2007年和2008年不同小麦品种大田灌水试验的结果分析了抗旱系数(DC)、抗旱指数(DRI)、干旱产量指数(DYI)、丰水产量指数(WYI)、产量—水分高效利用指数(YWI)、水分适宜指数(WAI)和产量系数(YC)的适用性。结果表明,DC反映品种的水分敏感性;DRI适合筛选旱地产量高且灌水增产不显著的品种;DYI较好的反映干旱条件下的产量,WYI能够反映不同品种的灌水效率差异,YWI适合筛选干旱条件和灌水条件下产量较高的种质。WAI适合参试品种间相对比较,但对同一品种适水性的评价效果因品种而异。产量系数(YC)适于组内筛选抗旱品种、高产品种和某灌水条件下水分高效型品种。由此,初步提出多指标评价品种水分反应特性的方法和统一的分级标准。在合理选用对照种和明确水分鉴定条件的前提下,采用干旱产量指数修订值鉴定品种的抗旱性,用丰水产量指数修订值鉴定各水分条件下品种的水分高效性,用各水分条件下品种的平均产量相对值鉴定品种的高产性,采用阶段敏感指数鉴定不同生育期的水分敏感性,采用产量系数修订值鉴定品种的适水性。

[Objective]To accurately assess characteristic of winter wheat response to water in field.[Method]Based on the results of field experiments with different irrigations in 2007 and 2008,We analyzed applicability of drought resistance coefficient（DC）,drought resistance index（DRI）,drought yield index（DYI）,water yield index（WYI）,yield-high water use efficiency index（YWI） and water adaptive index of different moisture（WAI）.[Results]DC reflected water sensibility.DRI could be used to screen varieties having both high yields at drought and weak response to irrigation.DYI conformed to the character of drought resistance.WYI expressed water use efficiency of wheat varieties.YHWUEI was good to choose varieties having high yield under drought and irrigation conditions.WAI was not fit for appraising water adaptive of all tested varieties.Yield coefficient（YC） was appropriate for screening drought-resistant varieties,high-yield varieties and high water use efficiency varieties.[Conclusion]Multi-index Evaluation Method of characteristic of winter wheat response to water in field,was put forward in this study.Based on choosing contrast and definite water conditions,we suggested that relative mean yield（RMY） of all irrigation treatments,revisionary drought yield index（DYRI）,revisionary water yield index（WYRI）,sensitivity index of stages（SSI） and revisionary yield index（YIR） could be used to identify yield,drought resistance,water use efficiency,water sensitivity and water adaptive.The concepts of DYRI,WYRI,SSI,YI and YIR also were introduced in this paper.