重度盐渍化土壤灌溉碱性淡水与施用改良剂效果研究

Effect of Alkaline Freshwater Irrigation and Amendment Application on Heavily Salinized Soil

利用脱硫石膏有机活性改良剂结合碱性淡水淋盐的研究,以达到改良盐碱地、脱硫废弃物及水资源有效利用的目的。采用2因素3水平组合设计,3个灌水量,3个改良剂施用量,3次重复。结果表明:灌水量525m3/hm2、750m3/hm2土壤全盐量由1.72%分别降至0.48%～0.64%、0.4%～0.6%。施用改良剂与对照相比,土壤ESP、HCO3-、Cl-和K++Na+分别下降了2.83%～26.44%、9.13%～43.47%、19.6%～29.9%和11.8%～33.2%。土壤SO42-与Ca2+分别增加了10.36%～58.22%和0.68%～62.24%。灌水淋洗可以使重度盐渍化土壤迅速脱盐,施用改良剂能够改变土壤盐分组成,降低土壤碱性。从节水、土壤盐分积累综合分析,灌水量525m3/hm2能够将土壤中大部盐分淋洗掉,为避免土壤全盐量过多积累,改良剂施用量以3000kg/hm2为宜。

The study which combined desulfurized gypsum with alkaline freshwater irrigation was arranged to improve salinized soil,recycle desulfurized waste and save water resource.The experiment was designed with two factors and three levels,three irrigation amounts,three amendments application rates and three replicates.The results showed that the soil salt content was deceased from 1.72% to 0.48%-0.64% and 0.40%-0.60% for irrigation with 525 m3/hm2 and 750 m3/hm2 water,respectively.Compared with the control treatment,the soil ESP,HCO3-,Cl-,K＋,and Na＋ of amendment treatments were reduced by 2.83%-26.44%,9.13%-43.47%,19.60%-29.90%,and 11.80%-33.20%,respectively.However,soil SO42-and Ca2＋ were increased by 10.36%-58.22% and 0.68%-62.24%,respectively.The irrigation could enhance salt leaching significantly and amendment could modify soil salt components and decreased soil alkalization.Irrigation with 525 m3/hm2 water and application of amendment at 3000 kg/km2 were recommended in order to save water and alleviate soil salt accumulation.