闽江口湿地的气候变化及其对生态环境的影响

Climate Change of Minjiang River Estuary Wetland and Its Impact on Eco-environment

利用闽江口湿地分布区4个常规气象观测站1971—2004年的气象资料,分析了闽江口湿地日照、气温、极端最低气温、降水量的年际变化特征及其对闽江口湿地生态环境的影响情况。结果表明:年平均气温和季平均气温显著上升,冬季增温幅度最大,夏季最小;日照时数总体下降,极端最低气温、年降水量和季降水量(春季除外)呈上升趋势,但趋势都不显著;极端最低气温和降水量年际波动大。气象因子的年际变化给区域生态环境带来不同程度的利弊影响。研究结果对于闽江口湿地的保护、合理开发和利用具有重要的指导意义。

Characteristics of sunlight,temperature,extreme minimum temperature and precipitation of Minjiang river estuary wetland during years and its impacts on the wetland were analyzed,based on meteorological data from 1971 to 2004 of 4 conventional stations in the wetland.The results showed that from 1971 to 2004,annual temperature and seasonal temperature were significantly increased with the highest rate in winter and the lowest in summer.The sunlight hours decreased and the extreme minimum temperature and the precipitation of year and all the four seasons except spring increased,but all with not significantly trends.Furthermore,Changes of extreme minimum temperature and precipitation were obvious.Climate change among years had different positive and negative impacts on the eco-environment.The results provided important references for the conservation,rational exploitation and utilization of the wetland.