菜心炭疽病菌拮抗细菌的筛选及鉴定

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Bacillus spp. Against Colletotrichum higginsianum

从土壤中分离筛选获得2株对菜心炭疽病菌--希金斯炭疽菌(Colletotrichum higginsianum)具有强烈抑制作用的芽孢杆菌菌株19E2、13A1。通过形态特征观察、生理生化特性测定,结合16S rDNA序列同源性分析以及部分基因特异性序列分析,将2株菌鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。抑菌试验的结果表明:当19E2和13A1的培养液在PDA培养基中的浓度为10%时,抑菌率分别达到75.62%和85.35%,当培养液浓度升高到20%时,可完全抑制菜心炭疽病菌生长。抗菌谱测定结果显示:2株菌对辣椒炭疽菌(C.capsici)、胶孢炭疽菌(C.gloeosporioides)、灰霉(Botrytis cinerea)、苞叶芋柱帚霉(Cylindrocladium spathiphylli)和尖镰孢(Fusarium oxysorum)等重要病原菌具有明显的作用效果。

Two antagonistic strains of Bacillus, 19E2 and 13A1, were isolated from soil and were shown to have strong inhibitory effects on the growth of Colletotrichum higginsianum. Through morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, and partial analysis of specific chromosomal genes, the two isolates were both identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Growth of C. higginsianum on potato dextrose agar was inhibited by strains 19E2 and 13A1 by 75.62% and 85.35% respectively at 10% concentration of the Bacillus culture. Growth of C. higginsianum was completely inhibited （100%） at 20% Bacillus culture concentration. Results also demonstrated similar inhibitory effects by the two Bacillus strains on growing cultures of C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Cylindrocladium spathiphylli and Fusarium oxysorum.