秸秆还田对土壤改良的研究进展

The Progress of Study on Soil Improvement Research with Straw Stalk

农作物秸秆中含有大量的碳、氮、磷等多种营养元素,同时富含纤维素、半纤维素和一定数量的木质素、蛋白质和糖等有机物质,是一种可以资源化利用的固体废弃物。秸秆还田可以改善土壤结构及保水、肥、气、热的能力,使土壤容重降低、孔隙度增加、有机质含量提高,养分结构趋于合理;秸秆还田能够节约化肥用量,降低生产成本,减少环境污染,确保农业生产的良性循环,保护农村生态环境,促进农业的生态化发展。

Crop stalks are a resource utilization of solid waste, which contain a large number of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. At the same time, they are rich in cellulose, hemicelluloses, and a certain amount of lignin, protein and sugar and other organic substances. Stalks can improve the structure of soil and keep the ability of water, fertilizer, gas and heat, decrease soil bulk density, increase porosity, improve the content of organic matter, make nutritional structure tend to reasonable. Straw returning can save the amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce production costs. It also can reduce the environmental pollution, ensure the agricultural production in virtuous cycle, protect rural ecological environment, and promote the development of ecological agriculture.