1株枸骨内生真菌菌株的分类鉴定及其代谢产物的生防作用研究

Identification of an endophytic fungus isolated from Llex cornuta and the biocontrol effects of its secondary metabolite

从浙江省天目山采集的枸骨中分离筛选到1株内生真菌菌株(编号为No.2),经形态特征、培养特性等方面研究,初步判定该菌株为木霉属真菌哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)。该菌通过液体发酵能产生抗真菌活性的次级代谢产物Trichodermin,抑菌活性结果表明,Trichodermin对9种植物病原真菌菌丝生长和2种植物病原真菌孢子萌发均有不同程度的抑制作用。进一步研究发现,Trichodermin具有很高的热稳定性,在100℃以下抑菌活性趋于稳定。活体测定结果表明,Trichodermin对番茄灰霉病有较好的预防保护作用和治疗作用,在150 mg/L的剂量下对番茄灰霉病的保护效果为98.2%,治疗效果为97.4%。

An endophytic fungus （ No. 2 ） isolated from Llex cornuta collected from Tianmushan , Zhejiang Province, China, was identified as Trichoderma harzianum based on morphologic and culture characteristics. Antagonistic study indicated that its secondary metabolite trichodermin possessed antifungal activity to the my- celial growth of nine species and the spore germination of two species of the pathogenic fungi. Further studies showed that the antagonistic activity of trichodermin was heatstable below 100℃ In addition, trichodermin showed protective and therapeutic effects at 150 mg/L against the Botrytis cinereaon tomato （ 98.2% and 97.4%, respectively）.