杀菌/通透性增加蛋白研究现状及应用前景

Research Progress and Application Prospect of Bactericidal/Permeability Increasing Protein

杀菌/通透性增加蛋白（BPI）是中性粒细胞内存在的一种碱性蛋白,是一个分子质量介于50-60 ku的阳性蛋白,它主要存在于人、牛、兔等哺乳动物多形核粒细胞（PN4NL）的嗜天青颗粒中及其表面,它能与革兰氏阴性菌脂多糖（LPS）结合,具有中和内毒素和杀灭细菌的作用,在革兰氏阴性菌感染的治疗方面有良好的应用前景,人类最初注意杀菌性/通透性增加蛋白是因其具有杀菌作用,但随后发现它还具有较强的颉颃内毒素的作用。近年来国外对其研究颇多,并逐渐发现其还具有很多其他功能,如抗真菌、杀灭寄生虫等作用,其被学者称为未来的“超级抗生素”。

The bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein （BPI） is an antibiotic-and endotoxin-neutralizing protein in granulocytes and epithelial cells. It is a positive protein which molecular weight range between 50 and 60 ku. BPI is mainly found in azurophil granules and surface of PMN （PN4NL） from people, cattle, rabbits and other mammals. BPI can combine with the LPS and endotoxin of gram negative bacteria and produce effects of anti-endotoxin and kill bacterial. Therefore, it has a good future of application at prevention and cure of disease of Gram-negative bacterial. BPI initial found in the human protein because of its bactericidal effect and strong anti-endotoxin role. In recent research, it has been also found that it has many other functions, such as the effects of anti-fungal and killing parasites. Therefore it has been known as ＂super antibiotics＂ of the future.