基于空间内生增长理论的区域差异成因探析

An Analysis on the Gap in Economic Growth Among Regions in China Based on the Spatial Endogenous Growth Theory

改革开放二十多年来,我国区域之间的经济增长差距出现了不断扩大的趋势。为探求区域经济差异形成的内在原因和作用机制,本文基于空间内生增长理论,建立了理论模型,发现贸易自由度的提高促进产业的空间聚集,并因此使该地区的经济增长进入"快车道";而知识溢出效应的提高,则使产业的空间分布模式保持对称稳定,并因此促进区域间差距逐步减小。在这两种力量的作用下,经济系统存在两种长期均衡路径:对称结构均衡和核心—边缘结构均衡,且前者的经济增长率明显小于后者的经济增长率。通过对中国经验数据的计量分析,本文发现,我国区域经济格局体现的正是效率较高的核心—边缘结构均衡,但由于贸易自由化的作用明显大于知识溢出的作用,故导致产业的空间聚集力大于扩散力,从而形成了典型的东部隆起和中西部塌陷的经济地理现象。为此,本文对促进区域协调的调控政策进行了探讨。

Since the implementation of reform and opening up policy,economy in east part of China develops much faster than in the middle part of China,and therefore the gap in economic growth between regions tends to become wider. To find out the reason and mechanism within the economic system that lead to the gap,we build up a model of endogenous-growth spatial economics. The model indicates that the rise of trade openness degree result in agglomeration of industries,which make economy grow rapidly ;by contrary,the rise of knowledge spillover degree lead to industrial dispersion in balance,which reduce the gap in economic growth between regions. With these two forces,economic system has such two long-term equilibrium paths as symmetrical structure equilibrium paths and C-P equilibrium paths,which the rate of economic growth of the former is higher than the later. Based on the empirical study of Chinese regions ,we find that our regional growth materializes the C-P equilibrium paths, and growth poles in the East Part and growth sinks in the Middle Part and West part result from the mechanism that the functions of the trade openness are stronger than that of the knowledge spillover. Finally we discuss the policy for region coordination.