我国草类植物空间诱变育种研究

The research on space mutation breeding of grass in China

空间诱变育种作为一种新的育种途径已受到国内外遗传育种界的重视。在介绍植物空间诱变育种概念及其特点的基础上,根据植物材料在特殊的空间条件下,经受强辐射、微重力、高真空等太空诱变因子的复合作用,使其发生遗传性状变异,进而在地面经过筛选鉴定有益性状而获得新品种的基本原则。阐释了草类植物空间诱变时具有的自身优势,空间诱变在牧草育种中的巨大潜在优势,以及目前我国草类植物空间诱变育种研究进展,并提出了当前存在的问题。

Space mutation breeding has been considered as a new breeding method both at home and abroad. The summary introduced the definition and characteristic of plant space mutation breeding. Plant generated genetic mutation under compound effects of space mutation factors such as the strong radiation, microgravity and high vacuum. Screening and identification of useful characters could lead to a new variety. The summary discussed self-advantages of space mutation breeding of grass and great potential of space mutation breeding in forage breeding. Finally, the research progress and problems of grass space mutation breeding in China were summarized.