娱乐康复对社区老人跌倒预防的效果观察

Effect of Therapeutic Recreation on Prevention of Community Elders Falling

目的观察娱乐康复对社区老人跌倒率的影响。方法选择4个社区248名老人,分为干预组128名、对照组120名。依次对4个社区老人进行一般情况调查,并对干预组进行娱乐康复干预2个月;干预前后进行注意力和平衡功能评定,并随访12个月,观察老人在此期间的跌倒情况。结果实际完成190名。各社区干预组老人锻炼后听跟踪、注意广度、注意持久性、平衡能力有提高(均P<0.05)。干预组老人跌倒发生率下降40%～54.5%,跌倒人次数下降45.5%～72.2%;对照组老人跌倒发生率、跌倒人次数无明显改变。干预组老人对跌倒恐惧感下降,采取跌倒预防措施人数上升。结论娱乐康复能提高社区老人注意和平衡能力,改善心理状态,提高防跌意识,降低社区老人的跌倒发生次数,是社区预防老人跌倒的一项有效方法。

Objective To prevent the fall of community elders with therapeutic recreation. Methods 248 elders from 4 communities were divided into intervention group （n=128） and control group （n= 120）. The intervention group accepted therapeutic recreation for 2 months, and were surveyed balance and attention ability before and after intervention. All the elders were followed up for 12 months, and their falling were recorded. Results 190 elders completed the studies. After therapeutic recreation, the functions of audition tracing, attention span, attention persistence, balance ability of intervention groups had improved. The incidence of fall intervention groups decreased 40% - 54.5%, and the events of the fail decreased 45.5%-72.2% in the intervention group, but no changes in the control. The elders feared less for falling and knew more about prevention of fall in intervention groups. Conclusion - Therapeutic recreation can improve attention and balance ability, psychological status and fall prevention consciousness, decrease the events of falling of community elders.