中国石化工业发展和区位变迁轨迹

Development and evolution of spatial distribution of Chinese petrochemical industry

本文回顾了中国石化工业的发展历程以及各阶段的特征。目前,中国石化工业正在向规模大型化、布局集中化、炼化一体化、生产园区化方向发展。其次,本文分析了中国石化工业的空间分布格局。总体来看,中国石化工业的空间格局呈现出"东西强、中部弱","北方强、南方弱","沿海强、内地弱"的分布特征;辽中南、京津冀和沪宁杭等八大石化产业基地已成为支撑中国石化工业发展的基础。最后,本文分别从宏观、中观以及微观尺度等视角,探讨中国石化工业在大区域层面空间布局的演化趋势,石化企业的临港布局指向以及向专业园区集聚的区位选择特征。通过以上分析,对中国石化产业在宏观空间上的合理布局提供一定的科学依据。

The development of Chinese petrochemical industry in the past decades can be divided into four stages,and each stage has exhibited its unique characteristics.Since 1998,Chinese petrochemical industry has been growing rapidly.The spatial pattern of Chinese petrochemical industry has evolved into an unbalanced state with the rapid development.In general,the majority of Chinese petrochemical industry is located in eastern and northwestern China as well as coastal areas on a macro scale.Besides,eight bases such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,central-southern Liaoning and Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou regions have developed into the fundamental part of Chinese petrochemical industry.On a micro scale,petrochemical enterprises have tended to be re-located in the neighborhood of ports because of convenient transport.More and more enterprises are concentrated in industrial parks which specialize in petrochemical and some related industries.Based on the above analysis and research,this paper can offer some suggestions to the future development and spatial pattern of Chinese petrochemical industry.