平原与山区土地利用/覆被变化对比——以双流县和米易县为例

A Comparative Study between Plain and Mountain on LUCC:Case Study of Shuangliu County and Miyi County,Sichuan

利用1986、1995和2000年3a同期陆地卫星的TM影像作为主要数据源,经过人工解译生成土地分类数据,对研究区域的土地利用格局特征、单一土地利用的动态变化、景观格局变化进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)山区的土地利用类型明显多于平原。山区主要以林地和草地等自然景观为主,而地区则以耕地和建设用地为主,表现出很明显的人类活动特征。(2)两个地区的土地利用/覆被变化在空间与单一地类上都存在着一定的差异,但引起土地利用变化的主要驱动力都是人为因素。(3)两个地区的景观多样性指数相近,山区的景观优势度指数高于平原,平原的景观破碎度指数高于山区。据此,提出区域土地可持续利用政策的建议:适度保护农地资源尤其是耕地资源,合理协调农业用地与非农业用地之间的相互关系;要根据区域的自然环境与经济发展等实际特点对土地利用进行科学合理的发展规划,在土地利用的某些政策上要对山区与平原之间实施差别对待。

The land use/cover classification was built by manually interpreting the main data which were based on the Landsat TM image in 1986,1995 and 2000. Then the overall characteristics of land use/cover pattern, the changed of the 1 and use/cover and landscape pattern will be also analyzed in the study srea. It is showed that： （1）The land-use types of mountain area were much more than those of the plain area. Mountain Area natural landscape , and the plain area was mainly in cultivated land and construction land, showed was mainly in obviously characters of human activity. （2） LUCC showed the difference of spatial distribution and the dynamic changes of single land use and land cover type in both two areas, and the major driving force of LUCC were human factors. （3） The two regions were similar in landscape diversity index. Comparing with plain and upland areas, the mountainous area was higher in landscape dominance index and lower in fragmentation index. Finally some suggestions are put forward to advance the research of sustainable land use. that is, properly protecting agricultural land resource especially cultivated land, reasonably harmonizing the relationship between agricultural land and non-agricultural land; It should be in accordance with the regional natural environment and economic development to carry out a scientific and rational land use planning, some of the land-use policy should be differentiation treated between the mountain area and plain area.