反转构造研究进展及其盆山一体化研究思路

Advances of Inversion Tectonics Research and the Thinking of Basin-Orogen Integration

近年来反转构造作为盆地和造山带研究的一个重要方面,在油气勘探领域中的重要作用也日趋显著。介绍了盆地反转构造的研究概况,总结了过去近80年的盆地反转构造研究历程,阐述了反转构造的概念、识别方法、分类、定量研究、成因机制。随着诸多新方法技术的应用和原有技术精确度的提高,盆地反转分析越来越朝着多元化、综合化方向发展。反转构造定年、反转构造综合分析方法、反转作用与盆地演化研究等集中体现了现阶段盆地反转构造研究的进展。详细总结了反转构造在造山带内的应用进展,指出了先存构造的结构对反转构造几何学特征的控制作用以及正确区分薄皮构造与厚皮构造在反转研究中的重要性。造山带前缘的逆冲体系作用也是引起前陆盆地反转的主要因素,走滑反转和斜向反转在造山带中也很普遍。通过对沉积盆地和造山带反转构造研究的分类介绍,提出了盆山一体化反转构造研究的思路,并基于盆山耦合关系理论,阐述了构造反转在油气成藏和富集成矿中的作用。这种思路是顺应地球系统科学和大陆动力学研究的需要而提出的。此外,新方法技术的综合运用是盆山一体化反转构造研究的重要支撑和必然趋势。

In recent years, as an important aspect of the research of basin and orogen, inversion tectonics is increasingly significant in the field of oil and gas exploration. The article recommends the study on the basin inversion and sums up the research course of inversion tectonic which is through 80 years, expounds inversion tectonics from the following aspects： concept, identification methods, classification, quantitative study and genetic mechanism. With the applications of new technologies and the accuracy of previous technology improved, the analysis of basin inversion develops increasingly diversification and integration. Recently, the advances of basin inversion focus on inversion tectonic chronology, the application of integration analysis method and the relationship between inversing and basin evolution. The paper summarizes the advances of tectonic inversion researches in orogen and stresses the control of pre-existing tectonic structures on the geometry of inversion tectonics, the importance of correct distinction between thin-skinned tectonics and thick-skinned tectonics. It is commonly acknowledged that the thrusting which occurs in the front of orogen is another main factor leading to foreland basin inversion, the strike-slip inversion and oblique inversion. With a separate discussion on the study of tectonic inversion in sedimentary basins and orogens, this paper proposes the thinking of basin-orogen integration research for inversion tectonics, which is based on the theory of basin-mountain coupling and the role of inversion tectonics in oil and gas pool formation and mineralization. Moreover, the comprehensive application of new methods and technology is an inevitable trend in the research of basin-orogen integration for inversion tectonics.