乡村旅游对农村妇女的影响--以北京市延庆县农村社区为例

Impacts of Rural Tourism on Women——A Case study on Eight Rural Villages of Yanqing County,Beijing

为了促进乡村旅游发展中的两性平等,基于对北京市延庆县7个镇/乡的8个农村社区的调研,从社会性别视角出发,探究女性在乡村旅游中的参与情况、男性和女性在乡村旅游中的参与和决策差异,以及乡村旅游为农村妇女所带来的影响。研究发现,乡村旅游不仅为农村妇女的就业、收入、生活方式、劳动负担、闲暇时间、子女教育、老人赡养、社会网络等方面带来了比较明显的变化,同时对她们的家庭再生产活动的性别关系产生了影响。然而,由于主导乡村旅游活动而为农村妇女带来的经济等方面的改善暂时无力完成颠覆无论是在社区层面还是家庭层面的传统性别关系的重任,为此,提出有关民俗户妇女能力建设、居住与经营空间分离、家务劳动社会化,如社区提供儿童托管支持等建议。

In recent years, rural tourism has been mushroomed in the rural areas of surrounding cities in China. It is observed that rural women have been very much involved in the management and other affairs of tourism. This research, taking the case of eight villages in seven townships of Yanqing County, intended to explore the extent of participation of rural women in tourism with a gender perspective. The research also looked at the impacts of tourism on rural women. This research reveals that the development of rural tourism has brought about changes on women＇s employment, income, life style, labor burden, casual time, education on children, care on the aged people, and social net work, etc.. Apart from these, the gender relations regarding the reproduction have also been affected. However, the economic change brought by the tourism which is dominated by women could not result in the substantial change of gender relations no matter at the community level or at the household level. The author proposed recommendations on capacity building of women, rearrangement of the living and business spaces and social support from the community and so on.