“国”与“君”——政治文化视角下的隆裕太后葬礼

'Nation' and 'Monarch':the Funeral of the Empress LongYu Under the Perspective of the Political Culture

在民国纷呈的政坛上,清隆裕太后的葬礼不过是过眼烟云,然而对于紫禁城小朝廷来说,葬礼却是一件进入了历史记忆的"大事"。葬礼的表征是文化的,然其所指则往往是政治的,而隆裕太后葬礼正是这样一个交杂了政治动机与政治目的的舞台。透过清廷与民国在这次葬礼中的礼仪往来,正可洞悉二者之间关系的深层内涵,并进而反思辛亥革命尤其是与清帝退位相关的若干问题。从葬礼的仪式角度出发,文章试图尝试这样一种分析思路:透过仪式看政治。此外,文章还尝试建立一种近似于感知的时间观,由此审视历史记忆得以形成的机制。总之,文章试图由隆裕太后葬礼的分析入手,进而探索以紫禁城小朝廷为视点的民国政治史研究的新路径。

The Funeral of the Empress LongYu was a significant event in the history of the royal court（after 1912） in sense of the political culture, although in the political fields of the Republic of China, the Funeral was not quite important within the real political operations. This paper is aimed at the reinterpretation of the Funeral from a political cultural perspective and tries a method which comprehends politics from ceromonies. The Funeral is often appeared as a cultural event, although the real orientation is political. The funeral was a stage intertwined by political motivations and purposes, therefore, the etiquettes between the Royal Court and the Republic of China during the funeral can reflect the complicated relationships between them and many important issues about the Revolution especially the abdication of the emperor of Qing Dynasty. Anyway, the paper aims to explore a new way to research the political history of the Republic of China from the viewpoint of the Royal Court by the analysis of the Funeral of the Empress LongYu