病区护理人力资源配置研究

A study of the nursing human resources allocation in hospital ward

目的:了解分析病区护理人员内部结构特点,探讨病区护理人力资源现状中存在的问题并分析其原因,提出建议与对策。方法:采用构成比描述12个病区护理人力资源的分布情况,应用卡方检验对12个病区护理人员的学历、职称、年龄等进行统计分析;采用现场调查,运用动作时间测定记录法,对12个病区中的206名护士的工作量进行追踪观察与记录,计算所需时间。结果:12个病区护理人员学历、年龄、职称分布无统计学差异;每患者一日需间接护理工时(87.78±159.36)min,直接护理工时(121.04±342.32)min,t=2.741,P<0.01;通过该次调查测算,需增加护士59名,理想的平均床护比应为1:0.52。结论:应尽快制定新的医疗机构床护比标准,建立健全医院护理支持系统,合理定编、灵活排班,改善临床护理人员相对不足的现状。

Objective： The study aimed to analyze the internal structure of the characteristics of hospital ward nurses, and to explore the existing problems of the nursing human resources in the hospital ward and possible reasons, so as to provide some recommendations and countermeasures. Methods： Description of the human resources distribution in 12 hospital wards by constitute rate were undertook with the analysis the nursing staff＇s qualifications, professional title and age in the 12 hospital wards by the application of chi-square test. Both the field survey and the time recording action were used to observe and record the workload of 206 nurses in the 12 hospital wards. Finally the required time was computed. Results： There was no significant difference in the qualifications, age and professional title of the 12 hospital wards nursing staff. The time of indirect care hours was （87.78±159.36） min every day for one patient, the direct care hours was （121.04± 342.32） min, t= 2.741, P 〈0.01. By the result of this study, 59 additional nurses were required and the ideal average rate of the care and bed should be 1：0.52. Conclusion： It is suggested that a new medical standard rate of the care to the bed should develop as soon as possible, and establish the sanity support systems of hospital care. It is necessary to set up a reasonable personnel allocation and flexible scheduling in order to improve the status of the relative shortage of clinical nurses.