自愿咨询检测门诊中高危行为人群艾滋病知识和相关行为干预效果评价

Effects of intervention on AIDS knowledge and related behavior among high-risk populations in voluntary counselling and testing outpatients

目的通过对自愿咨询检测门诊中高危行为人群进行艾滋病健康教育和行为干预,了解该人群干预前后的艾滋病知识、态度及相关行为特征,评价艾滋病综合干预的效果。方法选择艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊中的高危行为人群,进行面对面的艾滋病知识讲座,并配合发放相关宣传资料和安全套,以不记名调查问卷的方式获取该人群在干预前后的艾滋病相关知识、行为和态度,并进行评价。结果61.14%的目标人群曾接受过有关艾滋病知识的宣传教育;健康教育等综合性干预措施能有效地提高该人群对艾滋病的认识并能转变部分态度,对艾滋病的恐惧和排斥感由干预前的62.3%下降至干预后的53.4%(χ2=16.66,P<0.01),愿意了解艾滋病的预防知识并帮助艾滋病感染者的人数从46.6%上升至59.7%(χ2=34.86,P<0.01);行为上,该人群在与非固定性伴发生性行为时愿意使用安全套的人数也从干预前的42.4%上升至干预后的61.8%(χ2=77.08,P<0.01)。结论对艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊中的高危行为人群进行综合性干预能有效地提高他们对艾滋病的认识,解除对艾滋病的恐惧心理,并能改变相关行为、态度和不健康的生活方式。应长期坚持开展对该人群的综合干预工作。

Objective To investigate AIDS knowledge, attitude and related behavior before and after intervention among high-risk populations in voluntary counselling and testing outpatients, and to evaluate the effects of the intervention. Methods High-risk behavior group in voluntary counselling and testing outpatients were recruited. Face to face tuition was provided with principle of informed consent. Health education materials and condoms were delivered to them. The changes of AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavior characters before and after intervention were collected by anonymous questionnaire and the intervention measures were evaluated. Results Of the target group, 61.14% had received AIDS knowledge education. Comprehensive intervention including health education could effectively increase the target group＇s awareness of AIDS and change some parts of their attitude. Persons who fear and resent AIDS decreased from 62. 3% before intervention to 53.4% after intervention （ χ^2 = 16. 66, P 〈 0.01 ）, and persons willing to know AIDS knowledge and to help patients infected by HIV increased from 46. 6% to 59. 7% （χ^2 = 34. 86, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The rate of condom use in sex behavior with non-regular partner increased from 42.4% to 61.8% （χ^2 =77.08, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The comprehensive intervention can effectively improve the AIDS awareness of the high - risk behavior group. It can also change their attitude, behavior and life style. Long-term intervention should be conducted in this group.