成都地区慢性荨麻疹575例常见吸入致敏原及脱敏治疗分析

Analysis of Common Inhalant Allergens and Desensitization Therapy in 575 Cascs with Chronic Urticaria in Chengdu Area

１９９５年１２月～１９９７年７月成都地区５７５例慢性荨麻疹患者使用北京协和医院变态反应科制备的吸入抗原作变应原皮试检测。皮试：阳性４５８例（７９６５％），阴性１１７例（２０３５％）。常见致敏原：室内尘土３５４例（６１５７％）、尘螨３１６例（５５００％）、其它垫料１３３例（２３１３％）、香烟烟１０６例（１８４３％）、多价霉菌Ⅲ６０例（１０４３％）、春季花粉Ⅲ９１例（１５８３％）。４５８例阳性结果中２６０例作常规脱敏治疗：痊愈８０例（３０７７％），显效４５例（１７３１％），部分有效及未坚持治疗１３５例（５１９２％）纳入脱落病例。本研究发现慢性荨麻疹患者女性发病高于男性，且主要集中在３１～４０岁和４１～５０岁年龄段，可能与女性更多地接触家务、化妆品及衣着打扮有关。吸入变应原中室内尘土、尘螨、蚕丝、春季花粉占较高比例，说明环境污染是慢性荨麻疹的主要病因之一。目前特异性脱敏治疗疗效虽然较其它研究报告显效率稍低。

Fivehundred and seventyfive cases of chronic urticaria in Chengdu area received the skin test and desensitization therapy by inhalant allergens provided by Department of Allergy,Xiehe Hospital of Beijing.Of those cases,206(3583%)were males and 369(6417%)were females.The ages ranged from 3 to 78 years old.The courses of the disease ranged from 2 months to 32 years,with a mean of 352 years.Of those cases received skin test by inhalant allergens,458(7965%)were positive and 117(2035%)were negative.Of the 458 positive cases,345(6157%)cases were positive to room dust and 316(5500%)cases were positive to mite the 260 cases received desensitization therapy,80 cases(3077%)were cured,45(1731%)cases significantly improved.