甘蔗杂交后代遗传变异评价及高糖和低糖池构建

Evaluation of Genetic Variation in Sugarcane Major Economic Traits and Construction of High-and Low-sugar Pools

以甘蔗品种CP84-1198为母本,科5为父本,配置杂交组合1;以ROC20为母本,桂73-167为父本,配置杂交组合2。调查了2个杂交组合有性世代和无性世代的主要经济形状,并应用相关分析、差异显著性分析、多元线性回归分析和逐步回归分析等方法分析了甘蔗主要经济性状的相关性及其在世代间的差异和重演性。结果表明:有性世代中,株高与锤度、丛重、锤重都呈显著正相关,有效茎数对甘蔗经济产量的直接效应大于株高与茎径;无性世代中,锤度的变异系数最小,锤度性状稳定性相对较高;同一组合无性世代的株高、茎径和锤度的均值均显著高于有性世代;不同世代中株高和锤度重演力强,而茎径的相关系数不显著,重演力较弱,"Brix-clumpweigh"拟合图显示了有望从杂交后代群体中筛选出高糖、高产聚合基因型个体。根据以上结果,还探讨了杂交后代高产优质个体的选择策略,同时构建了能用于标记分析的高糖和低糖池。

Sugarcane（Saccharum officinarum） is one of the most important sugar crops and a significant renewable energy crop. In order to investigate genetic variation of main economic traits in cross progenies and good individual selection strategy, some single lines derived from the 2 crossing combinations （CP84- 1198 ×Ke5, ROC20×Gui73-167） were taken as materials to investigate the main economic traits of their F1 generation and asexual generation, and correlation analysis, significance of difference analysis, multiple linear regression and step-wise regression analysis were conducted to analyze the correlation, generational variation and repeatability of the major economic traits. In the F1 generation, the plant height was significantly positively correlated with brix, clump stalk weight, clump brix weight, and the millable stalk per clump, and contributed more to economic yield than the plant height and the stalk diameter; in the asexual generation, the variation coefficient of brix was much lower and more stable; in the same cross combination, the average values of the plant height, the asexual generation than in the F1 generation; in higher in repeatability while the stalk diameter not ＂Brix-clump stalk weight＂ showed it was possible stalk diameter and brix were all obviously higher in different generations, the plant height and brix were obvious and lower in repeatability; the curve fit of to select some individuals with high sugar and high yield genes from the population of the crosses. In this context, one high sugar pool and one low sugar pool were constructed, which might be used in the corresponding marker selection. And meanwhile, a better strategy for selection of sugarcane individuals with high sugar and high yield from the progeny of the sugarcane crosses was also discussed.