父母教养方式影响少年犯人格特征的机制研究

Research into the mechanism that ways of parents' upbringing influence the juvenile delinquents' personality characteristics

【目的】研究父母教养方式与少年犯人格特征之间的相关关系,探讨父母教养方式影响少年犯人格特征的机制。【方法】采取整群抽样的方法从某省抽取少年犯61名,用量表及问卷测试的方式了解少年犯的认知、情绪、意志力特点,以及少年犯父母教养方式与少年犯人格特征间的关系。【结果】①少年犯表现出的不良甚至病态的人格特征,与父母教养方式诸因子中的一个或多个存在着不同程度的相关关系;②少年犯在认知、情绪和意志力上与同龄中学生相比均表现出差异显著的特点。【结论】少年犯父母不当的教养方式使少年犯出现认知偏差、情绪不稳定、意志薄弱等特点,这些特点综合作用形成某些消极甚至病态人格特征,是导致犯罪的重要因素之一。

[Objective] The article analyzes the relation between ways of parents＇ upbringing and personality characteristics of juvenile delinquents,and discusses the mechanism that ways of parents＇ upbringing can influence juvenile delinquents＇ personality. [ Methods] By the means of entirety sampling, tables and questionnaires, 61 juvenile delinquents were chosen and the features of cognition,emotion ＆ will were known in juvenile offenders and the relation between ways of parents＇ upbringing and personality characteristics of juvenile offenders. [Results] ①The bad or even morbid personality characteristic occurring in the juvenile offenders had relations in different degree with one or more elements of ways of parents＇ upbringing. ② Juvenile offenders differed notably from middle school students of the same age in the aspects of cognition,emotion ＆ will. [Conclusions] Inappropriate ways of parents＇ upbringing result in occurrence of cognitive deviation,unsteady emotion and weak will. With such characteristics combined , some negative or even morbid personality characteristic forms,which is one of the important elements that lead up to crime.