我国7城市中小学生西式快餐消费行为调查

Study on consumption of western fast food among primary and secondary students in seven cities of China

目的分析我国城市中小学生西式快餐消费现状,为制订有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用三阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,从北京等7个城市选取9194名中小学生作为研究对象,使用问卷调查收集他们西式快餐消费率情况及对快餐营养的认识。结果西式快餐消费率以小学生为最高,为65.0%,初中生和高中生分别为58.5%和53.6%(P<0.01);小学生、初中生和高中生,均表现为女生西式快餐消费率高于男生(P<0.01)。认为西式快餐的食物搭配合理的比例以高中生最低,为17.9%,小学生和初中生分别为41.7%和33.5%(P<0.01);认为西式快餐营养价值高的比例以初中生最高,为22.8%,小学生和高中生分别为17.5%和18.8%(P<0.01);认为西式快餐的能量含量合理的比例以小学生最高,为46.2%,初中生和高中生分别为22.8%和18.8%(P<0.01);小学生、初中生、高中生中,认为快餐食物搭配合理、营养价值高、能量含量合理的比例男生均高于女生(P<0.05)。结论城市中小学生吃西式快餐的比例较高,大多数学生对西式快餐营养的认识存在误区,应针对学生及其家长开展营养教育,促进学生建立健康的饮食行为。

Objective To investigate the status of western pattern fast food among primary and secondary students in urban area of China, and to provide reference for student health education. Methods Using stratified three-stage cluster random sampling, 9194 primary and secendary students were selected from seven cities to undergo a survey with the content of the students＇ consumption and cognition of western fast food. Results The rates of primary school, junior high school and senior high school students who ate fast food last month were 65.0%, 58.5% , and 53.6% , respectively, and the senior high school students had the highest rate （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The consumption rate of female for western fast food was higher than that of male （P 〈0. 01 ）. The rates of primary school, junior high school and senior high school students who thought western fast food had reasonable collection about nutrition were 41.7% , 33.5% , and 17.9% , respectively, and the senior high school students had the lowest rate （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Those who thought western fast food had abuudent nutrition were 17.5%, 22. 8%, and 18.8% , respectively, and the junior high school students had the highest rate （P 〈0. 01 ）. And 46. 2% of the primary students thought the western fast food contained proper energy, which was higher than the pro- portion of junior and senior high school students （P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of male who thought the western fast food had the priorities of reasonable collection of nutrion, abundent nutrion and proper energy was higher than those of female （ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The proportion of primary and secondary students eating fast food was high. Most students had incorrect understandings of the nutritional knowledge, and nutrition education should be strenghtened to build up good dietary behaviors for students.