北京市职业学校学生流感预防认知状况调查

Status of the awareness of influenza prevention among vocational school students in Beijing City

目的了解北京职业学校学生流感认知水平以及对北京市2007年流感疫苗接种优惠政策的知晓情况,为今后的流感预防工作提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,抽取北京市职业中学一、二年级学生742人,对其流感认知水平和2007年北京市流感疫苗接种政策的知晓情况进行问卷调查。结果北京市职业中学学生流感基本知识知晓率为59.1%,城区中学生的知晓率为66.9%,高于郊区学生的50.0%(P<0.05);学生流感疫苗接种率为36.4%,城区学生流感疫苗接种率为52.4%,高于郊区学生的17.6%(P<0.01);知道优惠政策的学生流感疫苗接种率为51.4%,高于不知道优惠政策学生的16.3%(P<0.01);知道流感疫苗可以预防流感的学生中,有39.4%的学生接种了流感疫苗,而不知道流感疫苗可以预防流感的学生中,只有17.8%的学生接种了流感疫苗,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);学生获取流感相关信息的途径主要是居委会/单位/学校通知、电视和报纸。结论对中学生施行流感疫苗接种优惠政策,增强流感预防知识宣传,可以提高流感疫苗接种率和流感预防的效果。

Objective To learn the awareness of vocational school students about the influenza prevention and the preferential policy on influenza vaccination in Beijing in 2007, and to provide evidence for further influenza prevention. Methods Using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, 742 vocational school students of grade 1 and 2 in Beijing City were selected to undergo a survey with the content of the influenza prevention and the preferential policy on influenza vaccination in Beijing. Results The influenza awareness rate of the participants was 59. 1% , and the influenza awareness rate of urban students was 66.9% , higher than that of the rural students which was 50.0% （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The influenza vaccination rate of the participants was 36.4%, and the urban students had the influenza vaccination rate of 52.4%, higher than the rural students with the rate of 17. 6% （P 〈0.01 ）. The influenza vaccination rate of the students who knew the preferential policy on influenza vaccination was 51.4%, higher than that of the students who did not know the preferential policy （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The rate of influenza vaccination was 39.4% among the students who knew that influenza vaccine could prevent influenza, higher than that of the sdudents who did not know （P 〈0. 01 ）. The major channels through which the students obtained influenza information were notice from community/school, television, and newspaper. Conclusion The preferential policy on influenza vaccination to vocational school students, and strengthening the propaganda of influenza prevention could promote influenza vaccination and enhance the effectiveness of influenza prevention.