土壤大孔隙流试验和模型研究现状与发展趋势

Present Research Situation and Developing Trend for the Soil Macropore Flow Experiments and Model

介绍和分析了国内外土壤中大孔隙流的研究现状和成果,指出国外土壤中大孔隙流的研究注重于规律和影响因子的探究,而国内则侧重于土壤中大孔隙流现象的观测和分析,两者殊途同归,均从不同方面揭示了土壤中大孔隙流的存在、发生和发展过程;分析近期研究土壤中大孔隙流所提出的数值模型、改进后的两域模型、混合随机模型和基于孔隙的垂直入渗模型的使用范围和存在问题;最后指出了研究土壤中大孔隙流存在的问题和发展趋势是以高科技手段为依托,发展和健全适用于连续观测和分析土壤中大孔隙流的特制试验仪器,进而提出具有普遍适用性的数值模型。

This paper introduced and analyzed the research status of domestic and foreign about soil macropore flow, pointed out that in abroad the research focused on the laws and the impact factors of the soil macropore flow, while in our country focused on the observation and analysis for the soil macropore flow. However the two sides of the same coin--people revealed the presence, occurrence and development process of the soil macropore flow by different aspects. In addition the paper analyzed the using range and existing problems for the numerical models, the improved Two--Dimension model, the Mixed probability model and VIMAC model. Finally it indicated the problems and developing trends, which would be depend on the high--tech, developing the special test equipment that can continued observation and put forward the universal rumerical model.