论行业产权的存在与运作

On the existence and operation of industrial property right

产权不同于所有权,所有权是财产权,产权是利益权,经济学从研究所有权到既研究所有权又研究产权,是现代社会经济发展的反应,是现代经济学进步的表现,展现了现代经济学比传统经济学更为广阔的研究视野。行业不同于企业,并不是归属谁所有的,但是,有行业利益的存在,就有行业产权的存在。行业产权代表了行业的整体利益,这种产权是具有集合性的公共产权,不是可以分散给行业内的各个企业的,而是相对于行业的存在而存在的。行业协会依据行业产权维护行业利益,是通过行业协会的社会中介作用实现的,是表现为有组织的行业自律和企业自律达到目的的,不是依靠政府作用对于企业进行更强制的约束,更不是运用法律手段制止本行业企业的不当行为的。

Property right is different from ownership. Ownership refers to financial property right, but property right refers to benefit right. The changes in economic from researching ownership into focusing on both ownership and property right are reflection on modern social economic development as well as the advancement in modern economics. They reveal a more extensive research scope of modem economics than traditional economics. Industry which does not belong to someone is different from enterprise. However, industry has its own industrial benefit, so there exists industrial property right. Industrial property right represents the whole benefit of the industry. Such property fight could be a collective public right. It can not be diversified to individual enter- prises inside the industry. It exists based on the existence of the industry. Industrial association protects industrial benefit according to industrial property right. Such protection can be realized through the social intermediate role of the industrial association which has organized industrial self- discipline and enterprise self- discipline. The association does not rely on the government to set compulsive constraints on enterprises; neither does it resorts to legal means to stop their improper behavior.