樱桃属植物叶片浸提液对东北山樱光合及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

Effects of Cerasus leaf aqueous extracts on the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of Cerasus sachalinensis.

以东北山樱(Cerasus sachalinensis)幼苗为试材,研究7种樱桃属植物叶片浸提液对其光合生理参数的影响。结果表明,东北山樱、草原樱桃(C.fruticosa)、大青叶(C.pseudocerasus)、考特(Colt)和红灯(C.avium)叶片浸提液处理的东北山樱叶绿素a含量、叶绿素a/b的比值、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、PSⅡ光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ电子传递量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)较对照有不同程度的降低,类胡萝卜素含量、初始荧光(F0)、非光化学猝灭系数(qN)增加,说明东北山樱、草原樱桃、大青叶、考特和红灯叶片浸提液处理降低了东北山樱幼苗叶片光合机能,抑制了植株的生长发育。其中,东北山樱叶片浸提液处理下降幅度最为明显,表现出较强的自毒作用。而吉赛拉(Gisela)和马哈利(C.mahaleb)叶片浸提液处理作用相反,明显改善了东北山樱幼苗叶片的光合机能,表现出一定的促进作用。

Cerasus sachalinensis seedlings were used as test materials to study their photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence under effects of seven Cerasus species leaf aqueous extracts. After treated with the aqueous extracts of C. sachalinensis, C. fruticosa, C. pseudocerasus, Colt, and C. avium, the seedlings leaf chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, net photosynthetic rate （ Pn ）, stomatal conductance （ Gs ）, intercellular CO2 concentration （ Ci ）, maximum photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ （ Fv/Fm）, and quantum efficiency of non-cyclic electron transport of PSⅡ （ФPSⅡ） decreased, while the carotenoid content, F0, and non-photochemical quenching coefficient （qN） increased, illustrating that the leaf aqueous extracts of these five Cerasus species had negative effects on the photosynthesis of C. sachalinensis. Among the five aqueous extracts, the extract of C. sachalinensis had more obvious impact, suggesting its stronger autotoxicity. On the contrary, the aqueous extracts of Gisela and C. mahaleb had definite promotion effects on the photosynthesis of C. sachalinensis.