森林生态系统健康研究进展

Forest ecosystem health:Its research progress.

从生态系统健康的概念出发,明确了森林生态系统健康的实质。我国对森林生态系统健康的研究主要在森林生态系统和森林群落2个水平上。森林生态系统水平的健康评价指标包括群落结构、生物多样性等结构指标,涵养水源和水土保持等功能指标,以及社会经济方面的指标,指标庞杂,有些指标难以测度。而森林群落水平的健康评价指标主要以结构指标为主,指标相对简单。因此,建立系统、有效且统一的评价指标体系和科学合理的健康标准是未来开展森林生态系统健康评价的重点,而简洁的指标测度方法和量化的测度结果也将是森林生态系统健康评价的趋势。

Based on the concept of ecosystem health, this paper discussed the essence of forest ecosystem health. In China, the studies on forest ecosystem health are mainly focused on ecosystem- or community level. On ecosystem level, the indices for forest health assessment include structural （e. g. , community structure and biodiversity）, functional （ e. g. , water resources conservation and soil and water conservation）, and socio-economic. They are quite complicated, and some of them are difficult to measure. On community level, the indices are mainly of structural, which are relatively simple. Therefore, to build a systemic, effective and unified assessment index system and a scientific and rational health standard is the basis for the further development of forest ecosystem health assessment, and to establish simpler methods for index measurement and to quantify the measurement results will be the development trend for this assessment.