注意缺陷多动障碍的研究与治疗

Review and Therapy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的发病群体多为5岁以后的儿童,主要临床表现是多动、冲动,注意力无法集中,对一项任务不能够有规划进行下去,而且脾气暴躁、易怒。近年来,心理学界、神经科学界和教育学界等对ADHD的研究取得了很多进展。本文概括性地介绍了ADHD病症的基本特征,目前对于患者脑机制损害的研究,并从药理学和行为学等方面讨论了ADHD的治疗方法和手段。

The Attention--Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder（ ADHD） population is mainly children over 5 years old. The core symptoms of ADHD in clinical manifestation are hyperactive--impulsive, inattention, lack of regulation and planning, and inability to persist in a task, patients are also easily frustrated then become angry. In the recent years, researchers from areas such as psychology, neuroscience and education have come forward with some research advancements. This paper gives a brief outline of ADHD, and focuses on the researches of the neural impairments in ADHD as well as the therapies from both pharmaceutical and behavioral levels.