蟑螂过敏患者对蚕蛾与尘螨过敏原体外检测研究

Serum allergen profiles related to moth and house dust mite in cockroach-allergic patients in-vitro assay and correlation analysis

目的探讨对蟑螂变态反应性疾病患者血清中蚕蛾与尘螨过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(SIgE)的情况以及它们的相互关系。方法采用荧光酶联免疫吸附试验,对本院呼吸科和变态反应科门诊,经变应原皮试和体外血清SIgE检测,德国小蠊(Blatella germanica)变应原结果均为阳性的33例患者,继续给予检测美洲大蠊(Periplaneta Americana)、蚕蛾(Bombyx)和屋尘螨(Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus)3种常见昆虫变应原SIgE的测定。结果在变态反应性疾病的患者中,对这4种昆虫变应原同时过敏的患者,对蟑螂和蚕蛾的过敏程度均为弱阳性(4级以下),其SIgE值显著低于屋尘螨(P<0.001);通过线性回归分析,显示两种蟑螂与蚕蛾两两之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.001),而蟑螂、蚕蛾与屋尘螨之间均不存在相关关系。结论对于蟑螂、蚕蛾和屋尘螨同时过敏的患者,屋尘螨的过敏程度最高;德国小蠊、美洲大蠊与蚕蛾之间可能具有共同的IgE结合成分。

Objective To discuss the serum profiles of specific immunoglobin E （SIgE） related to moth and house dust mite allergens in cockroach-allergic patients and provide evidences for further research on insect hypersensitivity. Methods Thirty-three patients who presented to the respiratory or allergy clinics,positive of t31attella germanica allergen by both skin prick test and SIgE test, were further evaluated for allergens related to Periplaneta americana, moth （Bombyx） and house dust mite （dermatophagoides pteronyssinus） using fluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In the patients who showed concurrent hypersensitivity to all the studied allergens, responses to the cockroaches and moth were weak-positive （below grade Ⅳ）, with significantly lower SIgE levels than as found for house dust mite（ P 〈0.001）. Linear regression showed positive correlations in allergenicity between the two species of cockroaches and moth（ P 〈0. 001）, but not between house dust mite and moth or cockroaches. Conclusions High response to house dust mite was demonstrated in the patients with multiple allergies. Allergens from Blattella germanica,Periplaneta americana and moth appeared to share some IgE binding site in common.