灵芝孢子对支气管哮喘豚鼠引喘潜伏期及类胰蛋白酶释放的影响

Effect of ganoderma spores on incubation period of asthma and mast cell tryptase in bronchial asthmatic guinea pigs

目的研究灵芝孢子对支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)豚鼠引喘潜伏期及肥大细胞类胰蛋白释放的影响。方法10%卵蛋白腹腔注射致敏,雾化吸入1%卵蛋白方式诱导复制哮喘动物模型。30只健康豚鼠随机分为对照组(A)、哮喘组(B)、灵芝组(C)3组,每组10只,分别用生理盐水,灵芝孢子灌胃15d。测定哮喘豚鼠的引喘潜伏期及呼气相气道阻力(Re),计数支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)细胞总数及分类,肺组织HE染色和免疫组织化学观察肺组织病理变化及肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶分布情况。结果①灵芝组的引喘潜伏期明显较哮喘模型组延长,Re显著降低(P<0.05)。②哮喘BALF白细胞总数及嗜酸粒细胞比例较生理盐水组增高(P<0.05),肺组织炎性病变明显;灵芝组BALF细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞比例及肺组织炎性病变明显较哮喘组降低或减轻(P<0.05)。③哮喘组类胰蛋白酶染色阳性的肥大细胞计数明显较生理盐水组增多(P<0.05),主要分布在气道黏膜下,肺泡间隔及血管周围;灵芝组类胰蛋白酶染色阳性的肥大细胞计数较哮喘组显著减少。结论灵芝孢子有延长哮喘豚鼠引喘潜伏期,降低气道阻力,减轻肺组织炎性病变,抑制肥大细胞释放类胰蛋白酶的作用。

Objective To observe the effect of ganoderma spores on the incubation period of asthma and the mast cell tryptase（MCT） in bronchial asthmatic guinea pigs. Methods The models of asthmatic guinea pigs were set up by intraperitoned injection of 10% ovalbumin（OVA） for sensitizing and exposure to aerosolized 1% OVA for inducing asthma. Thirty guinea pigs were divided into three groups randomly and equally：control group （ A）, asthmatic group （ B）, ganoderma spores group （C）. Normall saline （NS） or ganoderma spores were intragastriced in guinea pigs for fifteen days. The incubation period of asthma and airway responsiveness were detected,and the total cell numbers and classification in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were studied. The lung tissues were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin to observe the pathological changes and with anti human tryptase antibody by using immunohistochemical technique to count the mast cell tryptase. Results （1） Compared with asthma group, ganoderma spores could markedly prolong the incubation period of asthma, and reduce airway responsiveness, and the mast cell tryptases counts in ganoderma spores group decreased significantly. Mean-while,the total cell numbers and the percentage of eosinophil of BALF in ganoderma spores group were lower than those in asthma group and the inflammation response in lung tissue were significantly slighter. （2）Compared with NS group,asthma group had more total cells, higher percentage of eosinophil to total cells in BALF and more mast cell tryptase expression in airway submucosa,alveolar walls and vascular surrounding. The inflammation response in lung tissue of asthma group was evident. Conclusions Ganoderma spores could prolong the incubation period of asthma and reduce airway responsiveness,obviously relieve inflammation response in airway and lung tissue, and depress mast cell activation also.