论精神损害赔偿中的附从性规则——僭越事实的形成、演进与破解

Concomitant Rules of Moral Damages:Beyond the Development,Evolution and Solution

精神损害赔偿中的附从性规则,是精神损害赔偿中颇具独特性的规则。尽管畅行于多国精神损害赔偿实践并起着事实上的基础性作用,附从性规则却一直未能取得与其实际作用相一致的地位。精神损害附从性规则未能反映法律的内在价值,其重要地位的形成,是法律向现实妥协的结果,这注定了其永不可能跃升为精神损害赔偿的基本原则。但当纯粹精神损害的确定成为可能时,对附从性规则的突破就成为大势所趋。正确认识精神损害赔偿的附从性规则,对于《侵权责任法》确立合适的精神损害赔偿范围具有重要意义。

Concomitant rules of moral damages are deemed peculiar rules in compensating moral injuries. While prevailing in compensation for moral injuries in many countries and indeed serving as a basis of the compensation, they have never accepted the status they should have accepted. Their failure to reflect the inherent value of law and the fact that their status is determined as the result of the compromise of law with reality doom them to secondary rules. Only where pure moral injury is established can the deadlock be broken. A rational recognition of the concomitant rules of moral damages is of great significance to define the scope of compensation for moral injuries in the Tort Act.