论定罪量刑的社会学模式

Study on The Sociological Model of Conviction and Sentencing

现行刑事立法赋予法官享有一定的定罪量刑自由裁量权,该自由裁量权受诸多案件社会结构因素影响,案件社会结构因素影响定罪量刑的过程及其表现出的样式就是定罪量刑社会学模式。定罪量刑的社会学模式以案件社会学理论为参照,并基本被实证研究所证实。由于同性质的具体案件的社会结构不同或同一案件在不同诉讼阶段的社会结构不同,法官受其影响程度也不同,定罪量刑不公正现象由此而生。实现公正定罪量刑的关键在于避免定罪量刑社会学模式发生作用。

Modern criminal statutes provide that a judge can exercise discretion in conviction and sentencing. However, such discretion is affected by many social factors connected with a case and the very process that the social structural factors influence the conviction and sentencing in a case and the pattern they reveals is called the sociological mode of conviction and sentencing, which is based on criminological and sociological theory and has nearly certified with positive studies. Since cases of the same nature may be of different social structural factors or the same ease may also be of different social structural factors in the different litigation phases, the influence that the judge acquires differs and thus discrimination in the judicial process seems inevitable. The key point to avoid the injustice is to ensure no occurrence of the sociological mode of conviction and sentencing.