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脊髓型颈椎病发病机制研究进展 被引量:12

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摘要 脊髓型颈椎病(CSM)是颈椎退行性变中最严重的一类疾患,其发病机制目前尚未完全明确,主要有压迫理论、缺血理论、不稳定理论等。CSM与椎管狭窄、脊髓压迫相关,但压迫理论并不能解释全部临床症状,压迫程度也不能预测减压术效果;同样,多种研究未发现有意义的局部缺血证据。在神经损伤实验模型、脊髓栓系综合征、弥散性轴索损伤等脊髓病中,牵张性损伤被公认为是主要制病因素,而骨赘增生、椎间盘突出、韧带增生肥厚或钙化及椎管狭窄可导致脊髓所受张力和剪切力增加,反复严重的牵拉伤时钙进入轴突,高浓集可导致细胞支架塌陷,引起局限和广泛的轴突损伤。牵张性损伤、张力和剪切力的产生可能是CSM发病机制中的重要因素。
出处 《国际骨科学杂志》 2009年第5期323-324,340,共3页 International Journal of Orthopaedics
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