具有天然纤维复合材料车身的汽车振动特性研究

VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE VEHICLES

随着汽车向高速化、轻量化、低能耗方向发展,将轻质的复合材料应用于汽车受到人们的普遍重视。天然纤维复合材料除了轻质化、性能可设计外,更具有环保性。本文主要针对具有天然纤维复合材料车身的汽车动力学特性进行研究。采用含连接子结构的间接对接的自由界面模态综合法,建立整车非线性刚弹耦合系统动力学模型。用所建模型在时域内,对路面和发动机不同激励工况下汽车的振动特性进行仿真模拟,并与传统车身动力学特性进行对比,提出天然复合材料车身各性能参数的选择原则,为实现复合材料在汽车上大规模使用提供理论依据。

High speed, light weight and low energy consumption have become the major goals for the car manufacturers all over the world. Besides the light weight, good tailorable and mechanical performances, natural fiber reinforced composites （NFRCs） have environment-friendly property. The major objective of this paper is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the vehicles whose body parts are made from NFRCs. The free interface component mode synthesis method was employed to set up the dynamic system model possessing nonlinear and coupled rigid-elastic properties. Then the vibration characteristics of the vehicle under different road and engine excitation conditions were simulated in time-history. The obtained results were compared with those of vehicles having steel body parts. Based on the above study, the design principle of vehicle bodies made by NFRCs was proposed. This would provide theoretical basis for the large scale applications of NFRCs in automobile industry.