两型社会环境治理的政策设计——基于参与人联盟与对抗的博弈分析

Environment Policy Design of Resource-Saving and Environment-Friendly Society——Game Analysis Based on Players Confrontation and Corporation

资源和环境问题越来越成为制约一国经济发展的重要因素,资源和环境政策成为全球日益关注的焦点。通过对两型社会环境治理政策中参与人之间的联盟与对抗的分析发现,中央政府提高环境监督和惩治水平、地方政府的合作,以及公众参与对环境治理具有决定性的作用。为实现帕累托最优的环境政策设计,中央政府要提高政策威胁的置信度、强化地方政府的环境问责和鼓励社会参与及利用市场机制鼓励企业主动治污。

The resource and environment problems are becoming more and more important to a country＇ s economy development. How to design the resource and environment policies attracts more of our attention. Through game analysis, the paper found that the central government＇ s improvement of the level of environmental supervision and punishment, local government＇s cooperation and public participation play a key effect in environmental governance. To achieve the Pareto optimal policy design, the central government should raise the level of confidence of policy threat, strengthen the accountability of local governments, encourage community involvement and use market mechanism to encourage enterprises to prevent pollution.