新中国60年中小学教材建设之探析

The Research in the Development of Chinese Primary and Secondary Textbooks over Sixty Years

新中国60年教材建设经历了17年的过渡与统一、文革时期的无序与停滞、改革开放以来规范、探索、多样与繁荣等阶段,到今天,中国特色的教材管理体制已经形成、教材构成日益立体化、乡土教材及校本教材迅速发展,而且形成了国家基本要求指导下教材的多样化发展、面向全体学生的快速有效的供应机制以及为质量不均衡的教学提供必要参考的中国经验。当然,也存在着理论研究不够、教材的多样化水平不高、缺乏强大的教材编写队伍等不足。未来我国教材发展的主要趋势是:加大教材现代化建设的力度,创新具有中国气派的教材理论,构建全社会共建共享的教材系统,健全优胜劣汰的教材竞争机制。

The textbooks＇ development in China over sixty years has undergone some stages in sequence which are the seventeen years＇ transition and reunification, the disorder and stagnation in the Cultural Revolution and the norm, exploration, diversity and prosperity from Reform and Opening-up. Now, the management system of textbooks with Chinese characteristics has been set up, the constitution of them has been diversified more and more and local and school textbooks have been developed rapidly, which formed some experience with Chinese characteristics, for example, the diversified development of textbooks under the guidance of country standards, the quick and efficient Supply mechanism for all students and the necessary references for uneven teaching quality. However, there are some defects such as the inadequate theory research, low level in textbook diversification and less powerful compiling team in textbooks. So, the main tendencies in the development of Chinese textbooks in the future are： improving the advanced level in textbook development, creating the style with Chinese characteristics in textbook theory, constructing the textbook system for sharing within the whole society and strengthening the competitive mechanism of The Survival of the Fittest.