历史的再现与国家政治

Representation of History and the State Politics

每一个社会都通过在其历史书中做出的强调,建构自己命运的学说。经由文本分析发现,《中国历史》教科书叙事的母题是"革命/反动"——其表征是朝代更替、结局是"五阶段论"史学框架的规范性完成。这种目的论制导的历史叙事,通过整体认知方式、线性进化观和大通史写作手法,并配以大事年表和表象插图,彰显出"五阶段论"的趋势论情结,传播了一种政治信仰教育的要旨,即要受教育者弄明白"我们从何而来——现处何地——将奔向何方"。依循这一母题,历史叙事中还夹裹着各式情感炼金术,以陶冶受教育者的进退观、善恶观、生死观、义利观及敌我观,厘定其情感编码与价值秩序。由此,国家命运的学说建构于历史书中,而历史的再现则服从并服务于国家政治。

Every society establishes the doctrine of its own fate by emphasizing something in its history book. Through text analysis, the author finds out the motif of the narrative in textbook of Chinese History is ＂revolution /reaction＂, which is represented by dynasties＇ shifting, and the final result of it is to fulfill the history framework of ＂5-stage-socety＂ normally. By means of the total cognition, linear evolutional theory and comprehensive history writing （also assisted by the annals and hitory pictures）, this kind of teleological narrative shows a tendential plot of ＂5-stage-socety＂ and spreads a gist of the political faith education, which demands the educated to know ＂where we＇re from---wliere we＇re now--where we＇re to go＂ . Obeying this motif, the narrative in Chinese History also carries kinds of alchemies so that the feeling code ＆ value order of the educated, such as the view of advance ＆ retreat, ete, can be collated and stipulated. As a result, the doctrine of the state＇s fate is constructed in its history book, while the history representation is not only ruled by the state politics but also responsible for it.