黄土高原与俄罗斯平原南部干旱地区人工林营造策略分析

Specificity of Afforestration Under Conditions of Moisture Deficit in South of the Russian Plain and the Loess Plateau of China

通过对比中国黄土高原地区与俄罗斯欧洲部分东南部地区森林生长状况,分析了人工林系统的异同点,探索了可持续的人工造林策略。认为必须通过重新分配大气降水而补充林下土壤水分来改善人工林的生长状况和缓解土壤干化,在中国黄土高原地区可通过调节暴雨径流来实现,而在俄罗斯可通过集中降雪和调节融雪径流实现。

The conditions for forest growing in the southeast of the European part of Russia and on the Loess Plateau of China are compared. Common features and differences in the functioning of artificially planted forest ecosystems in these regions are analyzed, and the strategy for sustainable afforestation is suggested. It is shown that additional water supply at the expense of the redistribution of atmospheric precipitation is necessary for forest growing in the studied regions; In the Loess Plateau of China, this could be achieved via regulating rainstorm runoff, and in Russia, via snow retention measures and via regulating snowmelt runoff.