冀北山地华北落叶松人工林水源涵养功能分析

Analysis on Water Conservation Function of Larix Principis-rupprechtii Man-made Forest in North Mountain of Hebei Province

以混交林为对照,对冀北山地35a生的华北落叶松人工林枯落物持水量、土壤水分物理特性和土壤入渗特性进行研究。结果表明:与混交林相比,不同郁闭度林分枯落物有效拦蓄量、土壤总孔隙度、毛管蓄水量、非毛管蓄水量、总蓄水量、初渗速率和稳渗速率均小于混交林,并随林分郁闭度的降低有下降的趋势。林地枯落物最大持水量和有效持水量分别为4.45～48.02t/hm2和3.19～35.97t/hm2。林地总蓄水量随着郁闭度的增加呈现增加趋势,混交林最大,为1262.08t/hm2,土壤的贮水量占总蓄水量的96%以上,水源涵养功能以土壤层为主,表明华北落叶松人工林水源涵养功能低下。

Compared with mixed forest, moisture retention power of litter, characteristics of soil hydrologic physical properties and soil infiltration of 35-year different canopy density Larix Principis-rupprechtii man-made forest in north mountain of Hebei province are studied. The results showed that available irapoundage of litter, total porosity, capillary impoundage, non-capillary impoundage, total impoundage, start infiltration speed rate and stable infiltration speed rate of soil in mixed forest are better effect than man-made forest. These are reduced with canopy density lowering. Maximum moisture holding capacity and available moisture holding capacity of litter was 4. 45-48.02 t/hm^2 and 3.19-35. 97 t/hm^2. Totalim-poundage of forest land increased with canopy density raised. Total impoundage of woodland in mixed forest wasmaximal（1 121.68 t/hm^2）. The soil water storage quantity accounts for the total water holding capacity above 95%, water conservation function by soil level primarily. The results showed that water conservation function was low in Larix Principis-rupprechtii man-made forest.