快速城市化地区土地利用类型对热环境的影响——以广东省东莞市为例

Impact of Land Use on Thermal Environment in Rapid Urbanization Region——An Example from Dongguan,Guangdong Province

以快速城市化的典型地区广东省东莞市为例,利用Landsat/TM资料反演地表真实温度,将反演结果与土地利用分类数据进行叠加分析,获取不同地类的地表温度信息。通过引入效应和权重概念、改进现有热贡献指数、建立冷贡献指数等,形成不同土地利用类型热环境效应的定量评价体系。结果表明,热效应的大小顺序为:水域<林地<草地<耕地<建设用地,热贡献指数大小顺序为:水域<草地<林地<耕地<建设用地,冷贡献指数大小顺序为:草地<建设用地<耕地<林地<水域。水域具有最小的热效应-4.427℃、最大的冷贡献指数35.765%,对区域的低温效应显著;建设用地具有最大的热效应3.132℃、最大的热贡献指数59.628%,是区域内高温区最集中的地类。

Taking the typical rapid urbanization city Dongguan of Guangdong Province as an example, the paper retrieves land surface temperature from Landsat/TM data. It gets land surface temperature of different land use by doing superimposition analysis between land use data and land surface temperature data. By citing effect index and weight index, revising heat contribution index, and designing cold contribution index, it builds up a quantificationally evaluation series for the impact of land use on thermal environment. The result shows that the sort ascending of thermal effect is water area, forest land, lawn land, cultivated land and construction land. The sort ascending of heat contribution index is water area, lawn land, forest land, cultivated land and construction land. The sort ascending of cold contribution index is lawn land, construction land, cultivated land, forest land and water area. Water area has the least thermal effect of -4. 427℃, and the biggest cold contribution index of 35. 765 %, so water area has a typical low-temperature effect in the region. Construction land has the biggest thermal effect of 3.132~C, and the biggest heat contribution index of 59. 628%, so it is the most concentrated land-type of high temperature.