高温季节鹅肥肝形成效率的研究

The Study on the Goose Fatty Liver Production in Hot Weather Condition

外界气温２５～３６℃，室温２４．５～３２℃条件下，对３０只１２周龄体重４～５．６ｋｇ合浦鹅填肥１９ｄ生产肥肝。结果表明：填肥期增重５８．１％，产肝率１００％。最大肝重８５０ｇ，平均肝重４４６．２ｇ。５００ｇ以上肥肝数占１／３，３５０ｇ以上肥肝数占７３．３％。公鹅肥肝重显著高于同日龄母鹅肥肝重。每千克体增重的肥肝生产效率也比母鹅高７．５％，母鹅相对更易形成腹脂。料肝比３４．３３∶１。高温环境缩短填肥期５～１０ｄ和减少体增重率２０％～４０％，降低肥肝产量２５．６％～４８．５％。体增重是测定变量中影响肥肝重的最大因素。

Hepu geese,which were 12 weeks old and 4～5 kg live weight were used to test the fatty liver producing ability in 24.5～32℃ room temperature and 25～36℃ outside temperature.It was showed that after force-feed 19 days,the fatty liver producing rate was 100%.The heaviest fatty liver was 850 g,and the average fatty liver weight was 446.2 g(CV=31.75%).More than 1/3 fatty livers were over 500 g 73.3% of the fatty livers were over 350 g,The feed to fatty liver ratio was 34.33∶1.The body weight gain rate was 58.1%.The male geese were significantly heavyer than the female geese at the same age(P<0.05).The fatty liver producing efficiency of the male geese was 7.5% higher than the female geese (P<0.01).The female geese were easyer to deposit fat in abdomen.In hot weather,reducing force-feed for 5 to 10 days,or decrease body weight gain by 20%～40% would decreased the fatty liver about 25.6%～48.5%.The body weight gain had the largest affect to the fatty liver weight.If the body weight gain rate was 80%～100%,the fatty liver weight of the Hepu goose was 560.3 ～662.7 g at 12 weeks of age.Hepu goose is a newly found goose which is medium size and short-thickneck,Hepu goose has the ability to resist the high temperature.Therefore,it is suitable for forct-feed to produce fatty liver.