百合种间远缘杂交种的育成

CULTIVATION OF HYBRID SPECIES IN GENUS LILIUM

为培育观赏性较好，又能在东北露地越冬的百合新品种，利用轮叶百合（Ｌｉｌｉｕｍｄｉｓｔｉｃｈｕｍ）为母本、王百合（Ｌ．ｒｅｇａｌｅ）为父本，进行远缘杂交。４种方法授粉的结果表明：在母本花前授粉于柱头或开花时授粉于花柱内，可提高杂交的成功率。杂种种子有休眠现象，常温下不生真叶。０～５℃低温可解除休眠，且在一定范围内低温处理的时间与真叶发生率呈正相关关系。低温处理后的发芽种子在２２～３１℃条件下不发生真叶，而在８～１２℃下真叶才能生出。通过种子重量、种子发芽势、发芽率、幼苗形态及染色体比较，杂种与亲本差异明显。

Distant crossing was carried out taking Lilium distichum as female (mother) and Lilium regale as male (father).Consequences of four kinds of pollination methods showed that success percentage of crossing could be increased,either pollination was done on the stigma before blossom or into style in blossom.Hybrids were found having the phenomenon of quiescence and couldn′t sprout true leavles under normal temperature.Under the temperature of 0～5℃ could be broken.The time of low temperature treatment was possitively correlated with the percentage of leaf germination.Hybids with low temperature treatment could not sprout true leaves under 22～31℃ and could sprout under 8～12℃.By comparison with seed weight ,germination percentage,germination trend, seedling shape and chromosome,it is concluded that the difference between hybrids and the parents are significant.