三七根腐病中线虫病原问题的研究

Studies on Nematodiasis Pathogens in Root Rot on Panax notoginseng

１９８９年至１９９１年，对云南省文山州的文山、砚山、马关、富宁及昆明市晋宁县的三七根腐病病根及根际土壤进行了广泛地调查与采集．分离所得线虫经纯化、鉴定、扩大培养，接种三七根，观察其致病性．结果表明：在文山州未采集鉴定到茎线虫（Ｄｉｔｙｌｅｎｃｈｕｓｓｐ．）和根结线虫（Ｍｅｌｏｉｄｏｇｙｎｅｓｐ．）．说明目前这两种线虫不是文山州三七根腐病病原，过去有关报道有误．经常能大量分离、鉴定到小杆线虫（Ｒｈａｂｄｉｔｉｓｅｌｅｇａｎｓ）．活体接种不能侵染三七植株，离体接种对三七根切片表现侵染能力，加快其腐烂速度与腐烂程度，说明在三七根腐病中小杆线虫能起促进根腐作用．

From 1989 to 1991, rot roots and root sphere soil were collected extensively in Wenshan, Yanshan, Maguan, Funing counties, Wenshan Prefecture and Jinning County, Kunming, Yunnan. Purified nematodes were identificated. After incubation, the nematodes were inoculated on the Sanqi roots to observe their pathogenicity. The results were as follows: Ditylenchus and Meloidogyne were not collected in Wenshan Prefecture and indicate that up till now, the two kinds of nematodes are not root rot pathogens on Panax notoginseng in this prefecture, and in the past, some reports concerned are not right. A large number of Rhabditis elegans were frequently isolated from rot roots and root sphere soil. Inoculations in vivo, R. elegans can not infect Sanqi roots; but inoculations in vitro , they can infect the slices of Sanqi roots and especially mixed inoculations with pathogenic fungi or bacteria can speed up the root rot and increase the levels of the rot. The fact shows that Rhabditis nematodes can play action to promote rot in the root rot diseases of Panax notoginseng