侧耳属真菌化学成分及药用活性研究进展

The Chemical Composition and Medicinal Activities of Pleurotus

对侧耳属真菌的化学成分及其在药用活性方面的研究进展进行了综述。化学成分的研究表明，侧耳属真菌中富含蛋白质、氨基酸、微量元素和多种脂肪酸；侧耳属真菌中含有前维生素Ｄ２、前维生素Ｄ４和γ麦角甾烯醇、β谷甾醇等甾体化合物；该属真菌中的挥发性物质主要为八碳化合物；含有抗肿瘤活性的多糖和非多糖抗肿瘤成分；在几种侧耳属真菌中还发现含有降血脂活性成分—Ｍｅｖｉｎｏｌｉｎ。侧耳属真菌的药用活性研究表明，有些侧耳属真菌具有降压、降血脂活性；有些侧耳属真菌还表现出抗肿瘤活性。

This paper reviewed the chemical composition and medicinal activity of Pleurotus .On chemistry, high content of protein and amino acids, various trace elements and fat acids were found in Pleurotus ; Some sterols such as provitamin D 2 and D 4,γ ergostenol and β sitosterol were found as well;Eight carbon chemicals were main fraction in fragrant substance of Pleurotus ; Some antitumor components were isolated and identified from Pleurotus , in which polysaccharide and non polysaccharide components were included; Mevinolin, a kind of fat lowering medicinal components, were confirmed in some mushrooms of Pleurotus . On medicinal activities, blood pressure lowering and blood fat lowering effects were testified and antitumor activity was observed in Pleurotus .