《椭圆形画像》叙事特征的“陌生化”

The Defamiliarization Effect of the Narrative Techniques in Edgar Allen Poe's "The Oval Portrait"

爱伦.坡的短篇小说《椭圆形画像》不仅深刻揭示其"艺术美和现实处于矛盾的二元对立当中"的创作思想,在艺术形式上,也体现了"陌生化"理论的诸多特色。作者一方面通过重新设计故事的情节链,使小说呈现"嵌入式"的叙事结构,使形式与内容相呼应,另一方面通过运用叙事视角的转换和限制来增加读者认知的难度和广度;同时,作者巧妙运用开端延迟和情节悬止等延宕技巧,赋予作品新奇、扣人心弦的特殊审美效果。此外,叙事语言的移位和反差也在很大程度上增强了读者感觉的"陌生化"。从形式技巧入手对该小说加以分析,可以深化我们对爱伦.坡创作意图和艺术主旨的理解和把握。

E. A. Poe＇s short story ＂The Oval Portrait＂ not only reflects the author＇s assertion as to ＂the binary opposition between art and reality＂ , but also embodies the essential ideas of the theory of ＂Defamiliarization＂. By rearranging the sequence of events in ＂The Oval Portrait＂, Poe sets up an ＂embeded＂ stylistic structure and blends skillfully the story＇s form and content. Besides, the author employs the narrative devices, such as shift of focolization and limited narration, to extend the time of interpreting process and to increase its difficulty. In addition, he deliberately makes use of plot suspension and beginning delay to lengthen the process of perception, which helps the story to achieve a unique aesthetic effect. To a large extent, the abnormal language also functions to enhance the ＂ defamiliarization＂ effect. The present study is focused on how formatic construction and narrative techniques help to intensify Poe＇s inherent thoughts of literary creation.