学科视角:中国近代大学设置标准的演变及特点

Analyzing the Evolvement and the Features of the Modern University's Setting Standards in China from the View of Discipline

大学设置标准在大学发展过程中起到了规范和引导大学发展的作用。中国近代大学设置标准大体经历了分科性大学、单科性大学和多科性大学同时并存、多科性综合性大学的发展阶段。中国近代大学设置标准的发展过程,是社会政治、经济、文化共同作用的结果,是不断摆脱封建官学影响而逐步引进吸收西方大学模式的过程,也是人们在探索中对大学本质理解不断深化的过程。分析其变迁的过程及特点,有助于更深刻地把握大学的科学内涵,从而推进我国大学的改革与发展。

The university setting standard plays a part of norms and guideline in the process of universities＇ development. The setting standard experienced three developing stages, which is the college, coexistence of the college and the university, and the comprehensive university. The process is the result of the politics, economy and culture. And it is the process of absorbing western university mode while breaking away from feudal educational system and also the process of people deepening the understanding of university nature. Analyzing the experience and the features of the development is beneficial to hold the university＇s scientific connotation and push forward the reform and development of the university in China.