我国部分地区原料奶中蜡样芽孢杆菌污染情况调查

Study on contaminated status of Bacillus cereus in raw milk in Ji Ning Zhe three areas

对我国冀宁浙3个省典型乳品企业的原料奶中微生物污染情况进行调查与鉴定,主要检测原料奶中蜡样芽孢杆菌数,以及菌落总数和大肠菌群数,确定原料奶中微生物的污染状况与蜡样芽孢杆菌污染的关系。结果表明,3个地区的蜡样芽孢杆菌数平均值均≤105 mL-1。而细菌总数平均值,冀某乳品企业为7.61×105 mL-1,浙和宁为106 mL-1,属于超标奶。就大肠菌群平均值而言(最近似值),冀某乳品企业为21.17 mL-1,浙某乳品企业为25.15 mL-1,宁某乳品企业为15.98 mL-1。综合分析表明,蜡样芽孢杆菌数与原料奶的微生物污染状况没有相关性。本调查分析也对我国原料奶蜡样芽孢杆菌污染的溯源奠定基础。

Bacillus cereus is one of the microbes which affect the quality of the raw milk. It can produce enterotoxins which cause vomiting or Diarrhea. Food poisoning which caused by Bacillus cereus happened often. Enterotoxin is harmful to the human body： We investigated and identified microbiology pollution of the raw milk in Ji Ning Zhe three Areas. We mainly detected Bacillus cereus count in raw milk , as the same time, aerobic bacterial count, coliform groups count were detected. Especially we determined the relationship between Bacillus cereus count and microbiological contamination. The results indicated that the microbial contamination condition in raw milk is unoptimisdc. The Bacillus cereus count average values were ≤ 10^5 CFU/mL in three areas. Among three areas, the total bacterial count average values of Ji was 7.61x105 CFU/mL,the two areas＇ exceed the criterion, are 10^6 CFU/mL. In terms of the coliform groups average values, Ji was 2117 MPN/ 100m, Zhe was 2515 MPN/100 mL, Ning was 1598 MPN/100 mL. So there were no relevance between Bacillus cereus count and microbiological contamination of the raw milk. And the research laid a foundation for traceability of the raw milk.