土压力研究现状及应用展望

The Current Research Situation of Soil Pressure and Application Prospects

研究目的:通过阅读大量的国内外文献资料,从理论研究和试验研究两个方面对刚性挡土墙和柔性挡土墙土压力计算方法所取得的进展进行论述。研究结论:刚性挡土墙的土压力大小及其分布与挡土墙的变位方式、墙面的摩擦特性以及土体变形特性等因素有关;柔性挡土墙的土压力呈非三角形分布,土压力大小及其分布与土体是否达到极限平衡状态、土体位移、蠕变、施工过程、基坑挖深等因素相关;有限元法在土压力的计算中占据着举足轻重的地位,它可以模拟施工过程,将土压力的计算与时间、位移非线性影响有效联系在一起,适合解决非均质材料、复杂边界、各项异性等非线性问题,接触单元的出现使有限元模拟更符合实际。

Research purposes： The introduction is given in this paper to the progress of the research on the calculation methods for rigid retaining wall and flexible retaining wall from the fields of theoretical research and experimental research. Research conclusions ： The soil pressure weight and pressure distribution of rigid retaining wall relate to the displacement way, the wall surface friction characteristics, and soil deformation characteristics of the retaining wall and other factors. The flexible retaining wall has the soil pressure with non - triangle distribution, and its soil pressure weight and pressure distribution relate to whether the soil body to achieve the limiting balance status, the displacement and creep deformation of soil body, construction procedure and the depth of foundation pit. The finite - element method plays the great role in calculating the soil pressure and with it the construction procedure can be simulated and the influence factors of time and non - linear displacement can be considered in calculation of soil pressure to solve the non - linear problems, such as heterogeneous material, complicated boundary and all isomerism. The appearance of contact unit makes the simulation more close to the real situation.